Friday, 12 December 2014

Just because it's Christmas (and at Christmas you tell the truth)

For me, one of the very best film scenes... EVER! Hope you share it (and like it too)

MERRY CHRISTMAS TO YOU ALL !

Thursday, 4 December 2014

If you read this, you WILL learn!

The last form to express the future is the first conditional and its alternative forms such as the "zero conditional" (also known as present-´present conditional). This is a very common form to express that a future event or action will take place in case that a prior condition is fulfilled.

Here you have a great excerpt from Perfect English Grammar, a website for self-study that I highly recommend because it includes friendly grammatical explanations, videos that reinforce what you can read in the theoretical part and make it easier to assimilate as well as many excercises you can both practise on-line of just download it for free in a pdf format and print it out for handing them out in your class.

The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then the future simple in the other clause:

  • If + present simple, ... will + infinitive

It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true.
    • If it rains, I won't go to the park.
    • If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight.
    • If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes.
    • She'll be late if the train is delayed.
    • She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
    • If I see her, I'll tell her.

First vs. Zero Conditional

The first conditional describes a particular situation, whereas the zero conditional describes what happens in general.

For example (zero conditional): if you sit in the sun, you get burned (here I'm talking about every time a person sits in the sun - the burning is a natural consequence of the sitting)

But (first conditional): if you sit in the sun, you'll get burned (here I'm talking about what will happen today, another day might be different)

First vs. Second Conditional

The first conditional describes things that I think are likely to happen in the future, whereas the second conditional talks about things that I don't think will really happen. It's subjective; it depends on my point of view.

For example (first conditional): If she studies harder, she'll pass the exam (I think it's possible she will study harder and so she'll pass)

But (second conditional): If she studied harder, she would pass the exam (I think that she won't study harder, or it's very unlikely, and so she won't pass)

This is a wonderful video were you can watch a hands-on activity that will help you grasp the grammatical concepts we have just seen above.



Click here if you wish to download a paper copy in a pdf format from Perfect English Grammar with a very good cloze test to practise this form of talking about the future.

Wednesday, 3 December 2014

Why is break not rhymed with weak?

Perhaps, one of the main difficulties that we have to face when we decide to take on the challenge to learn English is that of being sure about how the new words we are learning are pronounced.

As a matter of fact, some linguists and teachers says in a funny way that when someones has learnt English, that person has actually mastered two different languages, to wit, the oral English language and the written English language.

It is really frustating for native speakers of languages which are pronounced just the way they are written such as Spanish, Catalan or Italian. In fact, most Spaniards and Italians I have ever met have confessed that at their early learning stages - especially those who were learning English on their own and, hence, with less changes to get some feedback from teachers -, they really got mad at the fact that they spent a lot of time trying to learn by heart the meaning and how to spell words like 'receipt', 'cupboard', or 'Greenwich' and as soon as they put them into practise orally with an English native speaker, they discovered that it was as if they had learnt a different language.

Pronunciation is not always predictable in English. In philological terms, it has a reason: the English we write now became standardised in the XVth and XVIth centuries and it does not reflect the pronunciation changes that the English language have been suffering due to the so-called Great Vowel Shift.

Theoretical explanation and philological reason aside, I think one of the most useful tools to help learners learn how words are pronounced in English is this website: Forvo. As its logo says: 'All the words in the world. Pronounced'. You can look up any word you are not sure about how to pronounce it and immediately you will get as a result that word pronounced by a native speaker. One of the perks of this website is that you will not an automatically generated pronunciation but a man-made pronunciation.

To finish off with this entry topic and as an attempt to leave you astounded, try reading out load the following poem written by Lord Cromer in 1902. I grant you that if you can correctly pronounce every word in this poem, you will undoubtedly be speaking English better than 90% of the native English speakers in the world.

WHEN THE ENGLISH TONGUE WE SPEAK
When the English tongue we speak
Why is break not rhymed with weak?
Won't you tell me why it's true
We say sew, but also few?
And the maker of a verse
Cannot rhyme his horse with worse?
Beard is not the same as heard,
Cord is different from word,
Cow is cow, low is low,
Shoe is never rhymed with foe.
Think of hose and dose and lose,
And think of goose and yet of choose,
Think of comb and tomb and bomb,
Doll and roll and home and some.
And since pay is rhymed with say,
Why not paid with said I pray?
Think of blood and food and good;
Mould is not pronounced like could.
Why is done, but gone and lone -
Is there any reason known?
To sum it up, it seems to me
That sounds and letters don't agree.



Ok! Ok! Don't beat me up I pray you!! I know it is tough so here's some help...

Tuesday, 2 December 2014

I Have a Dream...

It goes without saying that this blog is mainly focused on the future tense as this is one of the Didactic Units that must be covered in the Second Course of the Compulsory Secondary Education according to the - to this day - two coexisting Organic Laws  (Ley Orgánica 2/2006, de 3 de mayo, de Educación and Ley Orgánica 8/2013, de 9 de diciembre, para la Mejora de la Calidad Educativa) that regulates the National Curriculum and the Valencian Decree (Decreto 112/2007, de 20 de julio, por el que se establece el currículo de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria en la Comunitat Valenciana)  that develops and expands the general national law.

Nevertheless, the future is the time to come and it will only be what we dream of if you struggle today to achieve our goals and to make a better world for tomorrow. It seems to me so convinient to recall certain "historical speeches" that were a turning point and set in motion the longed-for change that impelled that speech.

Perharps one of the most important speeches in history was the one given by Martin Luther King Jr. in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington DC on August, 23, 1963. It was a speech that only lasted seventeen minutes.

Seventeen minutes to change history... Seventeen minutes to change the FUTURE...

What do you dream of?

Let's carefully listen to the powerful Luther King's speech and reflect (in English) on what our lives will be in the future if we dare to face the 'unattainable' challenges of our daily life.

NOTE: If you find it too hard to 'geddit', click on the following link and read the speech as it goes

Martin Luther King, Jr.'s I Have a Dream Speech


Future Tenses Timeline

Here you have another very helpful entry that will help you out understand the underlying semantic values of some future tenses. As we have been saying since PLEnglishtopia was born, in English, we have many different verbal tenses that will conceptualise in our speech any action or event that we want to talk about.

As a reminder, I would also like to highlight that most of the semantic differences that we spot among these verbal tenses are very small and sometimes their boundaries are quite blurred and difficult to outline.

Throughout this Blog, I have already provided a thorough explanation about the future simple which is the "flagship" - if you allow me say so - of the future in English. Afterwards I have also released a Diagram from trumus.biz which stands for a magnificent resource to grasp a general overview on the different verbal tenses we can use to talk about the future in English.

Now here you have another brilliant visual resource by means of which you will be able to fix in your mind the placement of events and actions in the future and as regards their duration, the right moment when they will take place and their connection to other future events.

These kinds of graphics turn out to be priceless materials to be displayed in class when explaining verbal tenses because, as the old saying goes "a picture - a graphic in this case - is worth a thousand words".

Source: www.linglish.net/2008/12/23/whats-in-a-verb/

Consider now, for instance, the following senteces covering respectively each of the three future tenses (Please, note what the different colours - light blue or peach orange - stand for in the graphic):

  1. I will go to the stadium tomorrow.
  2. I will be going to the stadium when Joe calls me.
  3. I will have gone to the stadium when Zoe comes home.

Outstanding Diagram

This is your lucky day, guys! While surfing the net to seek for websites and contents to strenghten the presentation of the future tense in English, I have just come across a sublime diagram which can be of great benefit to you all.

As you all know, I posted a few entries below a long text crafted and put down by me where I made specially emphasis to a particular way of talking about future events: the future simple. If you still remember, I opened up by saying that the future simple is just a way to do so. I mentioned some other verbal tenses that work as well in English when it comes to refer to future actions or events such as present simple, present simple, present continuous and the so-called "be going to" form.

Those forms were just mentioned but not covered in detail as I elaborated on the future simple in that entry by letting you know about how we form it, the different uses associated to it and I also gave you a lot of examples as well under each use.

Of course, as I al ready told you all, you do not need to learn by heart every single given use in the list and in case you use any of the other forms to convey an idea that could fall in those uses, you will still be perfectly understood. Certainly, as in any language around the world, the finer your mastery is, the more fluent and native-like you will sound. It is a matter of practice and lots of reading as well.

Here you have as an attachment a very simple diagram that covers all the different verbal forms we can use for the future with its main uses and examples.

For further information and more diagrams, please, visit the source website: www.trumus.biz.

I hope this helps!

Source: www.trumus.biz

And here came the Mayflower... a beacon to the World (that still shines).

And now some bits of History - with capital letters -. Actually, this is my favourite chapter of the Anglo-American History: The Mayflower and the Founding Father of the greatest nation the World has ever seen: the United States of America!

 Yes, whether you like it or not, you all must acknowledge that we all are studying the so-called "TICS" and stuff like Google Apps (Drive, Gmail, Scoop-it, Diigo, Edmondo and so on so forth) because the American made it up!

Despite all this top-notch technology that America garners, the American nation was charted founded by some 40 expatriates for reason of Religious beliefs and disagreement with the English Crown. They all were kicked out of England, lodged for some time by the Dutch and eventually cut down and shut out from civilization.

 They were forced to get on board a ship and cross the Ocean towards the wilderness. As soon as they got off ashore, they were compelled to start afresh as they were left none but their hand and their faith to the Lord.

They survived the first harsh weather conditions of New England winter thank to the native Americans (and hence what we still celebrate today as Thanksgiving Day). There is an old saying that we use to link with the American Dream which is "from rags to riches".

The great American History can easily be packed in those four words. Here below you can watch a magnificent video in the fashion of a comic strip or illustrated History that will give you some brushstokes of this breathtaking landmark of humanity.

Enjoy!

Monday, 1 December 2014

How Long Will I Love You...

After just a booooooooooooring (or is it?) entry as the previous one about our beloved Future Simple, and as I would still love you to pop in every now and then, here's some fun! (of course, having always in mind the future tense - no joking-).

This is a videoclip of the main sound track of one of my favourite films "About Time" which I highly recommend you all guys. This song is called "How long WILL I love you?" sung by the lovely Welsh singer Ellie Goulding. Here you will have the chance to put into practise the future simple as this tense is paramount to this song as you will see.

As I am not very much fond of subtitles (not to say dubbing!) because it is counter-effective since it disrupts in a film or song and prevents you from making an effort to understand what you hear, I'd better provide you here the lyrics but detached from the videoclip.

Do please as follows:

1) Skim through the lyrics paying attention to how the future tense is used (but do you learn the song by heart!)
2) Listen to the song and enjoy it.
3) Listen to it again and try spotting the future tenses and finding out the meaning of the ssentences.
4) Listen to it again while you read over the lyrics in order to fill in the gaps in your mind giving sense to the parts you could not make out before.

HOW LONG WILL I LOVE YOU, by Ellie Goulding

How long will I love you
As long as stars are above you
And longer if I can
How long will I need you
As long as the seasons need to
Follow their plan

How long will I be with you
As long as the sea is bound to
Wash up on the sand

How long will I want you
As long as you want me to
And longer by far
How long will I hold you
As long as your father told you
As long as you can

How long will I give to you
As long as I live through you
However long you say

How long will I love you
As long as stars are above you
And longer if I may

How long will I love you
As long as stars are above you


Understanding the future simple tense.

The future simple is a tense we use to talk about actions or events that will happen in the future. Nethertheless, the future simple is not the only tense we count on with in English as, depending on how we view the events that are foreseen to happen in the future and the "distance" or "delay as regards the present time in which we state the sentence, we can also rely on the present simple, present continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous, "be going to", etc.

With this being said, it is in my interest now to shed some light on the future simple, its construction, syntactic form and its semantic nuances.

A word of warning my dear children... DON'T PANIC!! The future simple tense is pretty much alike as what we call "futuro simple" in Spanish. We basically use it in the very same contexts and attempting to transmit or comment on an event that will happen in the same "time distance" from the present as we do in Spanish.

Formation:

  • Subject     +    will      +    bare infinitive  +   complements.

               I         +     will    +            do          +   that tomorrow.

Its main uses are:
  • Say something that we are certain will occur in the future.
    • The seminar will take place in the main Lecture Hall this evening.

  • Say something that we are not so certain whether it will eventually happen.
    • I think it will rain later today.

  • Make a prediction.
    • The rain will stop soon, you'll see!

  • State a fact we regard as unmovable through time.
    • Oil will float on water.

  • Express willingness to do something in the future.
    • I will help you out refurbish your new apartment.

  • Make a sudden decision at the moment of speaking.
    • Ok, now I know you will not get mad at me, I will tell you the plain truth.

  • Give a command.
    • You will stay here 'till you clean up all this mess!

  • Give an invitation, make an order or a threat (in the form of a first conditional).
    • The University will invite Professor Phelps for the opening lecture.
    • I will have a sparkling water, please.
    • I will tell you off severely unless you keep quite.

  • Ask questions or make a suggestion or promise.
    • Will you open the door?
    • Shall we sneak out now the teachers are caught off guard?
    • I will never ever, ever, ever let you down.



Monday, 17 November 2014

English Future Tense Presentation

This is a magnificent presentation I very much persuade you to watch carefully. In just seventeen slides - not such a big effort, innit? ;) - you will have the gist of the future tense.

You will see how to talk about the future by using either "will", or "be going to", or the "present simple" depending on the semantic nuances you want to convey. Apart from the basics, you will see how to enrich and make finer distinctions in each of the three verbal patterns by adding the most frequent adverbs and time expression. All the theoretical bits will be illustrated with plenty of examples that will help you grasp the ideas and master its usage.

 Finally, in the last seven slides you will have some versus-like approach that will untangle all kinds of confusion as to whether use any of the three in a given context. As a matter of fact, in most case the selection of the future simple, present perfect or the "be going to" structure will just depend upon the likeliness of the event you refer to of the distance from the moment you utter the sentence. The meaning will hardly change as all three forms convey the same kind of future. Therefore, if you really want to mater English and sound like a native, it is just a matter of time that you pick the slight nuances of each of the three forms. It is really worthwhile for the future tense is so common in English.

 It is all just so crystal clear in this presentation below!

 

My future career...

When I was told about the task we were to submit for grading in "TICs". I went absolutely blank. I sat back and reflect upon a task that could not only serve me to pass - and get an excellent mark, uhmm! - but also be meaningful for my prospective students.

 I must honestly confess that when I was at High School, I had superb teachers who knew - and still do I bet... - a hell of a lot about their subjects. Regretably not all of them knew well how to share their passion towards their expertise areas. Hence, in many of them, we were sort of compel to cram for the finals, pass and say a big "goodbye forever" to those subjects that were just like maps full of treasures that needed to be unfold and decyphered.

 God only know whether that classmate of mine who used to perform astonishingly well in Maths and Chemistry could have ever ended up as an astronaut? If he would just have come across the right teacher capable of pressing the right button... If he would have just been helped to discover the potential and the applications in our everyday lives of Mathematics or Chemistry instead of seeing those sciences as plain subjects he was to pass to move on... Who knows? No one will ever know now...

 This is the reason why, as a prospective teacher, I will make my best to share my passion to Modern Foreign Languages to my students, to unveil the wonders of the worlds that would open wide if they approach a foreign language, to make them aware of how big the world is beyond their comfort area... I want to be sure that those who will eventually decide that foreign languages are not for them in their future, at least, would have had a deep experience to the tons of satisfaction that mastering a language - and becoming familiar to the culture it comprises - encompasses.

 I do want to educate and instruct future generations who can freely make their own informed decisions. The future is theirs and theirs is the responsability to upgrade the future of the upcoming generations. Their lives, their future, our mission. I cherish the hope that someday I will become a teacher who can give the chance to my students to love Modern Foreign Languages just as much as I do.

  Dream big.Dreaming big is just the first step to take.